The study was designed in advance of the 2016 NDHS and reinterviewed a selected number of respondents to examine barriers to family planning use among married women in Eastern Nepal. The study in particular focuses on some of the unique contraceptive challenges faced by married women with migrant husbands. Non-use of family planning during a husband’s extended absence may be a strategy to avoid side effects of modern methods, or may even be encouraged as evidence of the wife’s faithfulness, but it can put women at risk of unwanted pregnancies when their husbands return. The study also probes in depth a number of other potential barriers to family planning use, including fear of side effects, attitudes toward family planning, access, cost, and the influence of husbands, family members, and religion. Data produced by the study also provide evidence about the consistency of responses to relevant NDHS questions. Current family planning users were included in the study as a reference group.